Yellow Fever Vaccine on Statin/ Non Statin Subjects
Status:
Completed
Trial end date:
2018-04-16
Target enrollment:
Participant gender:
Summary
Since the 1st pandemic of the 21st century caused by SARS coronavirus, the world has
experienced outbreaks of swine origin H1N1 influenza, Ebola and Zika viruses, which have all
resulted in global health crises. Rapid mass vaccination with an effective vaccine such as a
live attenuated vaccine, of vulnerable immune-naïve populations to establish herd immunity is
an approach to control outbreaks. Such live attenuated vaccine had been used with great
success in sporadic yellow fever outbreaks and recently successfully employed in Ebola field
trial, both of these diseases have the potential for pandemic spread. Indeed, live attenuated
vaccines have proven especially effective in controlling childhood diseases and have even
succeeded in eradicating polio and measles from most parts of the world. However, deployment
of such vaccines for pandemic control cannot be limited to children but must include adults
in order to rapidly elevate herd immunity rates to halt transmission. Vaccinating adults may
produce efficacy rates significantly different to those observed in children due to the
prevalence of chronic diseases and their associated metabolic complications. Presently, there
are 1 billion people who are overweight, many suffer from concurrent metabolic disorders. As
activation of the adaptive immunity is reliant on a robust innate immune response to
vaccines, metabolic disorders and long-term anti-inflammatory therapy with interventions such
as statins may reduce vaccine immunogenicity resulting in suboptimal efficacy in this
subpopulation. This study would therefore test the hypothesis that statins reduce live
attenuated vaccine immunogenicity. We will combine a clinical trial with systems vaccinology
approaches to define the impact statins has on the innate immune, B and T-cell responses to
live attenuated vaccination. Our study will thus extend upon another recently completed trial
by us and will provide new insights into the determinants of vaccine efficacy in a rapidly
growing and aging population globally