Trial of High-Dose Rifampin in Patients With TB

• Status: Completed
• Trial end date: 2016-04-01
• Target enrollment: 0
• Participant gender: All

Summary

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the potential of high doses of rifampin (RIF) to shorten treatment for tuberculosis (TB) without causing more adverse events. The hypotheses are that higher doses of RIF will result in higher blood concentrations of RIF; higher blood concentrations will result in tuberculosis bugs being killed more quickly; and, both of these will happen without more adverse events. Patients with active, infectious, drug-susceptible TB who agree to participate will be randomly assigned to 1 of 3 doses of RIF. All patients will also receive standard doses of regular (3) companion drugs for 2 months of daily, supervised therapy. The study will assess the following among the 3 study arms (oral doses of RIF 10, 15 & 20 mg/kg/day) during the initial 8 weeks of treatment: 1) the amount of RIF in the blood after at least 14 days of treatment; 2) the difference in the number of tuberculosis bugs killed; 3) the frequency of adverse events.

• Phase: Phase 2
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers?: No

Details

• Lead Sponsor: Harvard University Faculty of Medicine
• Collaborators: Brigham and Women's Hospital; Harvard School of Public Health; Harvard School of Public Health (HSPH); National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID); Sanofi; Socios en Salud; St George's, University of London; University of Florida; University of Liverpool
• Treatments: Rifampin

Criteria

Inclusion Criteria:

• Newly diagnosed pulmonary TB with acid-fast bacilli (>=2+) in a stained sputum smear, ultimately confirmed by culture.

• Susceptibility of isolate to INH and RIF by HAIN test.

• Willingness to undergo HIV testing according to the National Health Guidelines for TB control in Peru. The study will also consider patients who have had negative HIV serostatus documented within six months prior to enrollment or if verifiable positive serostatus was documented using a validated test any time previously.

• Age >/= 18 years and <61 years.

• Signed informed consent.

• Negative serum pregnancy test (women of childbearing potential).

• Women with child-bearing potential must agree to practice a double-barrier method of birth control during treatment. Adequate contraceptives (condoms and spermicide) will be provided by the study to avoid pregnancy among female subjects.

• Karnofsky score of at least 50 (requires considerable assistance and frequent medical care).

• Intends to remain in jurisdiction of health center during study and follow up.

Exclusion Criteria:

• Body weight <30 kg.

• Prior treatment with multidrug anti-TB therapy for more than one month.

• Resistance on HAIN to INH and/or RIF. These patients will be treated according to local programmatic guidelines.

• Central nervous system or miliary TB.

• Clinical or radiological signs suggestive of pericardial or pleural involvement.

• Presence of significant hemoptysis. Patients who cough up frank blood (more than blood-streaked sputum) will not be eligible for enrollment.

• Known intolerance to any of the study drugs; use of concomitant drugs that interfere with the pharmacokinetics of anti-TB drugs; use of concomitant hepatotoxic drugs (other than companion study drugs) for which potential drug interactions or synergistic toxicity are known: boosted protease inhibitors, non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors, azole antifungals and statins; use of antibiotics that are contraindicated during the study's TB therapy; current daily use of acetaminophen or paracetamol for two weeks or more.

• History of liver disease.

• Uncontrolled condition that might interfere with drug absorption, distribution, metabolism or excretion (i.e. chronic gastrointestinal disease, renal insufficiency defined by creatinine clearance <60mL/min).

• Uncontrolled diabetes mellitus (HbA1c>7.5%).

• Refusal to be tested for HIV infection; HIV infection with contraindication for treatment with efavirenz (including resistance).

• Pulmonary silicosis.

• Breastfeeding.

• Rifampin contraindications such as hypersensitivity or jaundice.

• Likely difficulty adhering to the protocol, as assessed by the investigator.

• Laboratory results in the 14 days preceding enrollment showing:

1. Serum amino alanine transferase (ALT) >2 times upper limit of normal

2. Serum total bilirubin concentration >2.5 times upper limit of normal

3. Serum creatinine concentration > 2 times upper limit of normal and/or creatinine clearance <60 mL/min

4. Hemoglobin concentration < 7.0 g/dL

5. Platelet count < 150,000/mm3

6. White blood count <4500 cells/μL.

• Having a serological test positive for HBVsAg (hepatitis B virus surface antigen) or for HCVAb (hepatitis C virus antibody)test.