The Effect of Combined Ephedrine and Lidocaine Pretreatment on Pain and Hemodynamic Changes Due to Propofol Injection
Status:
Completed
Trial end date:
2010-11-01
Target enrollment:
Participant gender:
Summary
Objectives: Injection pain and hypotension are two main adverse effects of propofol which
distresses patient. The aim of this prospective double blind study was to compare the effect
of ephedrine -lidocaine combination with lidocaine and ephedrine on injection pain and
hemodynamic changes due to propofol induction.
Methods: 165 adult patients, aged 20 to 60 yr, Patients were randomly allocated to one of 5
groups (33 patients per group): lidocaine 0.5 mg/kg(L) ,ephedrine 30microgram/kg (E30),
ephedrine 70 microgram/kg(E70), lidocaine 0.5mg/kg -ephedrine 30 microgram/kg(LE) or 2ml
saline (S) intravenously. After one minute propofol 2 mg/kg into a dorsal hand vein was
injected. Face pain scale and verbal rating scale, arterial blood pressure and heart rate
were recorded before induction, just before intubation, and one minute after intubation