Overview

Subcutaneously Administered Interleukin-12 Therapy in HIV-Infected Patients With Disseminated Mycobacterium Avium Complex Infection

Status:
Completed
Trial end date:
2000-03-01
Target enrollment:
0
Participant gender:
All
Summary
Disseminated infection with Mycobacteria avium complex (MAC) is one of the most common systemic bacterial infections in advanced stages of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Current therapy for disseminated MAC infection in HIV patients consists of multidrug chemotherapy regimens are often accompanied by toxicities, and many patients become intolerant of one or more agents. Macrolides are the essential component of successful therapy, yet macrolide resistant strains are being recognized with increasing frequency. Thus, there is an interest in identifying additional therapeutic interventions for disseminated MAC in HIV-infected patients. Interleukin-12 (IL-12) is a central, regulatory cytokine in cell-mediated immunity. IL-12 enhances the cytolytic activity of cytotoxic T and NK cells, and induces interferon-gamma (IFN gamma) production from T and NK cells. This open-label Phase I study is designed to evaluate the safety and immunologic/microbiologic effects of interleukin-12 administration in HIV-infected patients with concomitant disseminated Mycobacterium avium (MAC) infection. Fifteen patients with documented disseminated MAC will be randomized to receive double-blinded placebo or escalating doses of IL-12 in addition to anti-MAC chemotherapy and standard anti-retroviral therapy for six weeks. IL-12 will be administered subcutaneously, with escalating doses every month over the dose range of 30 ng/kg, 100 ng/kg, and 300 ng/kg, or until an individual maximum tolerated dose (IMTD) is reached. Should a patient receive 2 consecutive blood cultures negative for MAC during the course of the study at a lower dose, then he/she will not be further dose escalated. Those patients receiving placebo after 6 weeks will be crossed over to receive the full treatment course of IL-12. Each new dose or dose escalation will take place on an inpatient basis. Once a patient is clinically stable at a dose, the patient will be maintained at that dose as an outpatient for the remainder of the month. Total IL-12 administration will not exceed 12 weeks, or 24 total doses.
Phase:
Phase 1
Accepts Healthy Volunteers?
No
Details
Lead Sponsor:
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)
Treatments:
Interleukin-12
Criteria
Documented HIV infection (ELISA and Western blot positive).

18 years or older.

Clinically stable enough to travel to NIH and meet protocol schedule requirements.

Negative urine or serum pregnancy test within 14 days prior to study entry (for women of
childbearing potential).

Patients should be receiving a combination of FDA approved antiretroviral drugs or expanded
access antiretroviral therapy for at least two weeks prior to study entry. The exception
would be that, in the opinion of the primary treating physician, this therapy would not
likely provide benefit.

Greater than or equal to 1 positive blood culture or 1 positive culture from a normally
sterile site (e.g. lymph node, bone marrow, etc.) for MAC within 6 weeks of study. The
initial screening blood culture at the NIH must be positive.

The following lab values must be present at study entry:

Transaminases, alkaline phosphatase, total bilirubin less than or equal to 5x upper limit
of normal range.

Serum creatinine less than or equal to 2.0 mg/ml.

Proteinuria less than or equal to positive 1.

Normal PT/PTT.

Granulocyte count greater than or equal to 750/cubic millimeter.

Hemoglobin greater than or equal to 8 gm/dL and platelet count greater than or equal to
75,000.

Fasting Blood glucose 1.25x upper normal limit (126 g/dl). (In persons with no history of
diabetes.)

No malignancy other than Kaposi sarcoma. Patients with Kaposi sarcoma are eligible, but
must not have received systemic therapy for KS.

No current life threatening AIDS related opportunistic infection other than disseminated
MAC.

No evidence of active substance abuse according to the standard 8th floor clinic substance
abuse assessment, which allows enrollment at the discretion of the principal investigator.

No patients exhibiting psychiatric disturbance or illness, which in the assessment of the
protocol team may affect patient safety or compliance.

No significant cardiac, gastrointestinal, pulmonary, autoimmune, renal, or CNS disease
which could interfere with patient safety.

No hypertension requiring anti-hypertensive therapy.

No pregnant or lactating patients, or any patient with an inability or unwillingness to use
effective contraception.

Willingness to comply with current NIH Clinical Center guidelines concerning appropriate
notification by an individual of current or ongoing sexual partners and/or needle-sharing
partners regarding his or her HIV seropositivity and the risk of transmission of HIV
infection.