The primary purpose of this study was to examine the feasibility of integrating a smoking
cessation intervention for cigarette smokers enrolled in an outpatient program for opioid
dependence. The secondary purpose was to compare treatment effects as a function of phase in
the outpatient program: 0-90 days (weekly attendance), 90 days-1 year (biweekly attendance),
and more than 1 year (monthly attendance).