American Society of Anaesthesiologist physical status (ASA) I-III 105 patients who undergoing
major abdominal surgery in obstetric and gynaecology clinic were recruited to this study.
Patients were randomized into the 3 groups. Lumbar epidural catheter will be inserted to the
all patients. After than anaesthesia induction will provide with 2 mg/kg propofol and 0.6
mg/kg rocuronium. Desflurane and azot protoxit (N2O)-O2 will use for anaesthesia maintenance.
During surgical operation, 0.3 microgram/kg/h remifentanil infusion will continuous till the
end of surgery. In group I, 2 ml serum physiologic (0.9 NaCL)will apply from epidural
catheter before surgical incision. In group II, 1 mg morphine will apply from epidural
catheter before surgical incision. In group III, 1 mg morphine will apply from epidural
catheter at the time point of peritoneum is closed. Epidural patient controlled analgesia
will provide with bupivacaine for postoperative analgesia. Postoperative pain will be
assessed with numerical pain scale. Postoperative analgesic requirement will be calculated.
Hyperalgesia will detect with algometer and von Frey ligaments.