The perianal region is the region around the anus. Administering a pain medication before a
surgery starts is called preemptive analgesia. In some studies, this technique has been shown
to be an effective way to reduce the pain that a patient experiences in the post-operative
timeframe to a greater extent than would be expected simply from the pain medications alone.
One theory of why this occurs suggests that the preemptive analgesia desensitizes brain and
nerves to pain, thereby decreasing the response to painful stimuli, like surgery when they
occur. This leads to a decrease in the amount of narcotic pain medication required after the
procedure, which leads to less side effects and a quicker return to normal functioning. As
perianal surgeries do not usually include a long stay in the hospital, controlling
post-procedure pain is a priority.
The use of preemptive analgesia is in other types of surgeries, such as orthopedics, is well
established, but as the perianal region has not been well studied, its use is not the
standard of care. This type of analgesia uses a combination of medications that are already
in use for post-operative and non-operative pain control and administers them orally prior to
the patient undergoing general anesthesia. The side effects of the medications are the same
as if they had been given after surgery or for non-surgical pain.
The concept of preemptive analgesia is established in other types of surgeries and it has
solid basic science to support its use. The purpose of this randomized, double-blind, placebo
controlled study is to determine if patients undergoing perianal surgeries could benefit from
preemptive pain control. The primary outcome will be whether patients experience less
post-operative pain. Patient post-operative consumption and latency until use of narcotic
pain medication will be the secondary outcomes. The investigators believe that the patients
receiving pain medications before their operation will require less pain medication after
surgery, with minimal increased risk to the patient.