Bronchiolitis is a leading cause of acute illness and hospitalization in the first year of
life. Most children with bronchiolitis have mild disease and are managed at home with support
from primary care providers, while children with more severe symptoms require supportive
therapy with oxygen and fluid administration.
Neonates may be obligate nasal breathers until they are at least 2 months old and nasal
obstruction may play a relevant role in respiratory resistances throughout the first months
of life, whereas nasal passages may exhibit as much as 50% of the total airway resistance.
Some guidelines recommend to clear the nostrils of secretions to improve airway patency but
no controlled trial on the efficacy of nasal irrigation in infants with bronchiolitis was
carried out.
The aim of this randomized controlled trial is to compare normal saline and hypertonic
solution for nasal irrigation versus simple supportive care in infants admitted to Emergency
Department with bronchiolitis and mild desaturation.