Impact of Cotrimoxazole Prophylaxis for HIV-Infected Adults on Antifolate Resistance
Status:
Completed
Trial end date:
2003-11-01
Target enrollment:
Participant gender:
Summary
At least three studies in sub-Saharan Africa have demonstrated a decrease in morbidity or
mortality among HIV-infected adults who took daily cotrimoxazole (trimethoprim
sulfamethoxazole) [CTX] prophylaxis. Because of the demonstrated beneficial effect, high
tolerability and low cost of CTX, the United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS)
recommends that HIV-infected persons with symptomatic HIV or depressed CD4 counts receive
daily CTX. The effect of this recommendation on subsequent development of antimicrobial
resistance to antifolates among important pathogens needs to be evaluated. The investigators
measured the change in the prevalence of markers of antifolate resistance among P.
falciparum, and the change in the prevalence of CTX resistance among S. pneumoniae, and E.
coli in HIV-infected individuals receiving CTX daily prophylaxis. In addition, the
investigators measured the change in the prevalence of naso-pharyngeal or oro-pharyngeal
carriage of CTX resistant S. pneumoniae among children living in households where an
HIV-infected adult was receiving CTX daily prophylaxis.
Phase:
Phase 4
Details
Lead Sponsor:
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Collaborator:
Kenya Medical Research Institute
Treatments:
Folic Acid Antagonists Sulfamethoxazole Trimethoprim Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination