Efficacy of Sunlight Activated Synthetic Porphyrin in COVID-19 Infected Patients
Status:
Not yet recruiting
Trial end date:
2020-11-01
Target enrollment:
Participant gender:
Summary
Efficacy of Sunlight Activated Synthetic Porphyrin in COVID-19 Infected Patients (SnPPIX)
Mahmoud ELkazzaz(1),Rokia yousry abdelaziz sallam(2)
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Abstract :
The novel coronavirus pneumonia (COVID-19) is an infectious acute respiratory caused by the
novel coronavirus. The virus is a positive-strand RNA virus with high homology to bat
coronavirus. Depending on published study in which , conserved domain analysis, homology
modeling, and molecular docking were used to compare the biological roles of specific
proteins of the novel coronavirus. The principal investigator demonstrated according to
previous researches that some viral structural and nonstructural proteins could bind to the
porphyrin, respectively. At the same time, orf1ab, ORF10 and ORF3a proteins coordinated to
attack heme on the 1-beta chain of hemoglobin, COVID-19 binds to the porphyrin of haem and
displaces iron and a study denonestrated that Covid-19 could cause acquired acute porphyria
which is the condition in which there is excess accumulation of porphyrin intermediate
metabolites. This point can be taken advantage of X-ray induced visible luminescence of
porphyrin for producing of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS).Many porphyrins are benign in the
dark but are transformed by sunlight into caustic, flesh-eating toxins Porphyrins have been
used for photodynamic therapy (PDT) against a wide range of targets like bacteria, viruses
and tumor cells It has been reported that ROS-based inactivation of viruses may occur due to
several reasons, such as protein oxidation, single strand breaks in the RNA genome and
protein-RNA crosslinking. Since ROS-based inactivation has a multi-targeted mechanism, it is
much less likely that a virus would be able to develop resistance against it. Recently,
porphyrins, already in use as photosensitizers for Photodynamic Therapy (PDT), were a study
target to applications in medical area, namely as possible contrast agents in MRI. could be
observed some examples of porphyrin derivatives already study as MRI contrast media. Low dark
toxicity, neoplastic tissue affinity and synthetic accessibility are some of the important
properties that contribute for its selection. In MRI studies was found that CM based on
paramagnetic metalloporphyrins showed higher affinity for neoplastic tissues, observed by
increased relaxation time of the neoplastic tissues, which is reflected on an increase in MRI
signal and consequently in a better neoplastic lesions detection. A study demonestrated that
The sulfonated tetranaphthyl porphyrin contrast agents in MRI (TNapPS), sulfonated
tetra-anthracenyl porphyrin (TAnthPS), and sulfonated 2,6-difluoro-meso-tetraphenylporphine
[TPP(2,6-F2)S] and its copper chelate [TPP(2,6-F2)S,Cu], which reduced HIV infection by 99,
96, 94, and 96%, respectively. Previous studies which showed that Covid -19 binds to the
porphyrin of haem and displaces iron in addition to Sulfonated porphyrins and
light-stimulated Sn- protoporphyrin IX have broad antiviral activity against more distinct
types of viruses, Co-protoporphyrin IX and Sn-protoporphyrin IX inactivate Zika, Chikungunya
and other arboviruses by targeting the viral envelope Porphyrins are amphipathic molecules
able to interact with membranes and absorb light, being widely used in photodynamic therapy.
Previously, we showed that heme, Co-protoporphyrin IX (CoPPIX) and Sn-protoporphyrin IX
(SnPPIX) directly inactivate DENV and YFV infectious particles. Here we demonstrate that the
antiviral activity of these porphyrins can be broadened to CHIKV, ZIKV, Mayaro virus, Sindb
is virus and Vesicular Stomatitis virus. Porphyrin treatment causes viral envelope protein
loss, affecting viral morphology, adsorption and entry into target cells , Finally, the
principal investigator expect that viral load will be declined with sunlight because In
particular, porphyrins absorb essentially all the UV/visible light wavelengths in the
emission spectrum of the sun; hence they are active at very low doses .
Keywords: COVID 2019 ,Infection, Sulfonated porphyrins and X-ray induced visible luminescence
of porphyrin