Efficacy of Lidocaine and Xylometazoline Intranasal Spray in Anesthetizing Maxillary Teeth
Status:
Completed
Trial end date:
2020-08-14
Target enrollment:
Participant gender:
Summary
Different anesthetic techniques are used for achieving pulpal anesthesia of maxillary teeth.
Recently tetracaine and oxymetazoline were used as local anesthetic agents in the form of an
intranasal spray to achieve pulpal anesthesia of maxillary teeth. However tetracaine has its
share of demerits, therefore we in our study have used lidocaine with xylometazoline in the
form of an intranasal spray to achieve local anesthesia of maxillary anterior and premolar
teeth for restorative procedures.
The objective of the study was to evaluate the efficacy of 4% lidocaine and 0.1%
xylometazoline intranasal spray solution as compared to injectable 2% lidocaine with
1:100,000 epinephrine solution in anesthetizing maxillary anterior & premolar teeth for
dental restorative procedures.
METHODS:
A total of 60 patients were enrolled in the study. Consecutive sampling was done for the
study participants who met the inclusion criteria. 30 patients were randomized each to
lidocaine/Xylometazoline or control local anesthesia group. Group A participants received 4%
Lidocaine and 0.1% Xylometazoline solution as intranasal spray while Group B participants
received injectable local anesthesia. Group 'A' participants received two doses of intranasal
spray anesthesia four minutes apart. Local anesthesia was then assessed by probing soft
tissues adjacent to the tooth and reading was taken on the Visual Analog Scale. If the
reading was '0' the cavity preparation was performed. If the VAS reading was more than '0' a
third dose of intranasal spray anesthesia was delivered. Local anesthesia was again assessed
after ten minutes. If profound local anesthesia was still not achieved the case was labeled
as failure of intranasal spray anesthesia and local anesthesia was achieved by conventional
infiltration anesthesia. For Group B participants, local anesthesia was achieved by means of
conventional infiltration anesthesia. Data were recorded on a designed proforma.
Chi-square test and Fischer exact test were applied to see the difference of efficacy among
the two groups and any influence of variables (age group, gender, tooth location, cavity
classification, ICDAS score or the number of sprays required to produce local anesthesia) on
the efficacy.