Effectiveness of Fluoride Varnish in Prevention of Dental Caries in School Children

• Status: Completed
• Trial end date: 2018-11-01
• Target enrollment: 0
• Participant gender: All

Summary

Despite the availability of free health dental service in Sri Lanka, the prevalence and severity of dental caries among 6year old school children stand at a very high level according to the results of national oral health survey in 1983/84, 94/95 and 2002/2003. Professional fluoride varnish application has become popular as variety of studies has found that it is an efficient method in reducing dental caries. The simplicity of its application makes it very suitable and practical for use in dental clinics and outreach dental services, especially in young children.

Aim of this study is to evaluate the cost effectiveness of 6 monthly application of sodium fluoride varnish in prevention of dental caries in permanent incisors and molars in children between 6 and 7 years in a suburban setting in Sri Lanka. This will be a double-blind, randomized controlled trial. A sample of school children (6-7 years) will be randomized into varnish and control groups. All the children will receive routine caries preventive measures of oral hygiene instructions, dietary advice and professional cleaning. Children in varnish group will receive fluoride varnish professionally applied after prophylaxis every 6 months. Clinical examinations of all children will be performed at the beginning of the study and 1 year and 2 years later. All the caries at the dentinal level of both groups will be stabilized with temporary restorations at the beginning. During this period, each school will be visited four times at 6-month interval for recruitment, dental examinations, and fluoride varnish applications. Recruited children will be randomly assigned to either a treatment (5% NaF varnish) or a control group. Caries examinations will be conducted using the International Caries Detection and Assessment System (ICDAS). The cost for the dental team's school visits; cost involved in the treatment of dental caries throughout the course of the study in both groups will be evaluated and compared at the end of the study. The sample size is calculated as 160 each arm to detect 5% caries change with 80% power. Analysis The effect of intervention will be measured by number of caries prevented. New caries in the usual care and intervention group will be calculated after the completion of the study. The costs for intervention will be estimated. The costs will be estimated for the dental material, time for human resources and indirect costs.

• Phase: Phase 1/Phase 2
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers?: Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Details

• Lead Sponsor: University of Peradeniya
• Collaborator: Queensland University of Technology
• Treatments: Fluorides; Fluorides, Topical

Criteria

Inclusion Criteria:

• Children with at least one permanent tooth present.

• Age 6 to 7 years. Children under 6 years of age may be enrolled in the study if at least one permanent tooth has erupted.

• Residing in Kurunegala municipal council region and tap water is consumed (fluoride levels in drinking water is normal).

• Parental consent must be provided. If the parent is not the primary caregiver, a legal guardian or a family member who is the primary care provider must sign the consent form.

Exclusion Criteria:

• Children with ulcerative gingivitis and stomatitis. (These children will be referred for treatment.)

• No permanent teeth present or stainless steel crowns only.