Overview

Effectiveness of Bupivacaine, Ketorolac, Ketamine, vs Bupivacaine Alone in Reducing Postoperative Pocket Pain

Status:
Not yet recruiting

Trial end date:
2024-12-31

Target enrollment:

Participant gender:

Summary

Bupivacaine is the most widely used local anesthetic agent across majority of the Cardiac Implantable Electronic device (CIED) implant procedures in the United States. It is hypothesized that the combination of Bupivacaine-Ketorolac-Ketamine (BKK) is more effective in alleviating perioperative and postoperative pain as compared to the use of bupivacaine alone. A few studies have been done to look for the effectiveness of BKK in abdominal surgical procedures. However, no study has been done to evaluate its efficacy and effectiveness in patients undergoing CIED insertion.

Phase:

Phase 1

Details

Lead Sponsor:

Kansas City Heart Rhythm Research Foundation

Collaborator:

Cardiac Arrhythmia Service, Loma Linda University Health, Loma Linda, CA

Treatments:

Bupivacaine
Ketamine
Ketorolac