Dexmedotomidine for Acute Pain Control in Patients With Multiple Rib FracturesRandomized Controlled Trial

• Status: Recruiting
• Trial end date: 2024-06-30
• Target enrollment: 0
• Participant gender: All

Summary

Blunt chest trauma is the second most common form of unintentional trauma in the US and is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Thoracic injuries are the third most common cause of death in trauma patients. Rib fractures have an increased associated risk of pneumonia, prolonged hospitalization, and cost. The associated severe pain leads to poor pulmonary mechanics, which contributes to additional complications. Treatment for rib fractures is focused on optimizing analgesia and intense pulmonary hygiene. Most common strategies utilize early mobilization, incentive spirometry (IS), and multimodal pain regimens.

A variety of techniques for analgesia after blunt chest trauma exist. Epidural analgesia is one of the best-studied methods and can often provide significant pain relief. However, this method is invasive, has associated complications, and often can be contraindicated due to coagulopathy or other injuries. Most often a form of multimodal pain strategy is utilized which incorporates acetaminophen, Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), trans-dermal lidocaine, and muscle relaxants. Opioids remain an important adjunct to control severe pain, however, narcotics have their own associated complications.

The aim of our study is to use an infusion of dexmedetomidine (Precedex) to aid in pain management in patients presenting with 3 or more rib fractures. The investigators hypothesize that dexmedetomidine will decrease patient pain and opioid use.

• Phase: Phase 4
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers?: No

Details

• Lead Sponsor: University of California, Irvine
• Treatments: Dexmedetomidine

Criteria

Inclusion Criteria:

• Blunt trauma patients

• > 3 rib fractures

• Admission to the ICU

Exclusion Criteria:

Exclusion criteria:

• Younger than 18

• Pregnant

• Prisoners

• History of adverse reaction to dexmedetomidine

• GCS < 14

• Acute CHF exacerbation

• Bradycardia or heart block (HR <55)

• Hypotension (SBP < 90mmHg or MAP < 65mmHg)

• Current opioid use (>30mg OME/day)

• Inability to communicate with staff (dementia)

• Cirrhosis or chronic liver dysfunction (Child Pugh class C)