Combination Chemoembolization and Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy in Unresectable Hepatocellular Carcinoma

• Status: Recruiting
• Trial end date: 2023-01-01
• Target enrollment: 0
• Participant gender: All

Summary

The purpose of this study is to develop better ways to treat liver cancer, known as hepatocellular carcinoma or HCC, while it is still in the liver. Many treatments exist to treat tumors in the liver when they are small but after they grow past a certain size, local therapies such as surgery, Trans-Arterial Chemo Embolization (TACE), or Radiofrequency Ablation (RFA) are not effective. The purpose of this study to test the combination of two known treatments - TACE and Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy (SBRT) - to be used together to treat larger or difficult to access liver tumors. Each treatment has been shown to work well but has limitations. The study will combine the treatments in an organized sequence and monitor closely how effective this combination controls tumors.

• Phase: Phase 2
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers?: No

Details

• Lead Sponsor: Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai

Criteria

Inclusion Criteria:

• Participants must be diagnosed with HCC either pathologically or by the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases (AASLD) radiographic criteria (Bruix Hepatology 2011). The criteria specifies CT or MRI intense arterial uptake followed by "washout" of contrast in the venous-delayed phases. Any atypical lesions must be confirmed by biopsy.

• A single liver lesion with tumor size ≥ 3 cm as defined as maximal diameter in the axial dimension on MRI. Included in the measurement are both enhancing and non-enhancing components of the lesion.

• Maximum tumor size of 7 cm as defined as maximal diameter in the axial dimension on MRI.

• Age ≥ 18 years

• Child-Pugh class A or B7 without ascites

• ECOG score 0

• No prior treatment of current HCC. However, recurrent HCC after resection may be included.

• Ability to understand and the willingness to sign a written informed consent document.

Exclusion Criteria:

• Pregnancy which will be assessed via pregnancy test prior to TACE and repeated prior to SBRT.

• Metastatic disease outside of the liver

• Vascular invasion as evidenced by vessel occlusion or radiographic evidence of tumor thrombus.

• Contraindications to MRI, including claustrophobia, metallic implants, and pacemakers

• Tumor for which adequate radiation dosage cannot be safely delivered (see dose constraints below)

• Prior therapeutic radiation therapy to the abdomen and/or lower thorax as defined as below the carina to the pelvic inlet.

• Inability to provide informed consent based on persistent lack of understanding, inability to find adequate translation, impaired mental status such as mental retardation, drug induced, or traumatic brain injury.

• Multiple liver tumors making the patient a BCLC Stage B

• Prior treatment, except for surgical resection, to the lesion being targeted in the protocol.