Anesthesia Preference for Intravitreal Injection: Topical or Subconjunctival
Status:
Completed
Trial end date:
2013-10-01
Target enrollment:
Participant gender:
Summary
Since 2004, intravitreal injection of Avastin, Lucentis, and Macugen for wet age-related
macular degeneration, retinal vein occlusion, and diabetic macular edema are being
administered in the United States at increasing rates. A 2010 study showed that in Canada and
the incidence of injections grew 8 fold from 2005 to 2007 to 25.9 injections per 100,000
citizens. (Campbell 2010) In 2009, in the United States, over 1 million intravitreal
injections were administered to Medicare beneficiaries. (Wykoff 2011) In the year 2011, the
four doctors in my retina group administered a total of 6,494 intravitreal injections; in
2010, we administered 5021 intravitreal injections.
Even though intravitreal injections are commonly administered, the optimal method of
anesthetizing the eye prior to injection has yet to be determined. Some physicians use an
anesthetic drop, some a soaked cotton pledget, some use an anesthetic gel and some use
subconjunctival injected anesthetic.
In 2009, the last time the Procedures and Trends Survey (PAT) (Mittra 2009) conducted by the
American Society of Retina Specialists (the largest retina society in the world) asked about
anesthetic methods for administering intravitreal injections, the following response was
given by the 433 respondents:
- Topical anesthetic drop: 21.48%
- Topical viscous anesthetic: 23.33%
- Topical anesthetic & soaked cotton-tip or pledget: 29.79%
- Subconjunctival injection of anesthetic: 24.02%
- Other: 1.39%
An editorial in 2011 in the journal Retina, discusses the lack of good studies assessing
optimal anesthetic prior to intravitreal injections. (Prenner 2011).