Allopurinol Effect on MDA,NO,KIM-1 Urine Levels, RI and Renal Elastography in Kidney Stone Patients Post ESWL
Status:
Completed
Trial end date:
2021-04-20
Target enrollment:
Participant gender:
Summary
Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) is accepted as the first treatment choice for
most urinary stones. Still, it has adverse effects on the kidneys. The mechanism underlying
the shock wave induced renal injury is not entirely understood, and oxidative stress has been
speculated to be involved in this process. The Investigator evaluated the role of
allopurinol, which works as a xanthine oxidase inhibitor and free radical scavenger in renal
protection against oxidative effects of ESWL. In a randomized, double-blind
placebo-controlled trial, a total of 70 patients with renal stones undergoing ESWL were
randomly assigned to 2 groups. Group 1 receive allopurinol, and group 2 receive a placebo.
Allopurinol 300mg was given orally for a total of 3 days, beginning a day before ESWL. The
urinary excretion of malondialdehyde (MDA), nitric oxide (NO), and kidney injury molecule-1
(KIM-1) were determined by quantitative double antibody sandwich direct ELISA at baseline
before ESWL then repeatedly two h, and 24 h after ESWL. The resistive index (RI) change of
the interlobar artery was asses along with the measurement of the shear wave velocity (SWV)
in the focal zone of the treated kidney before, two weeks, and four weeks after ESWL.
Multivariate analyses were performed using repeated measure ANOVA to control covariates.